THE EFFECT OF THE RATIO BETWEEN SUBSTRATE CONCENTRATION AND SPECIFIC AREA OF THE SUPPORT ON THE BIOMASS YIELD OF FUNGAL SURFACE CULTURES
Abstract
A parameter,σ0 = S 0α-1 (gcm-2), is defined. Where, S 0, (gcm-3) is the initial substrate concentration and α is the specific area of the solid support. This parameter helps comparing the biomass yields, YX/S , of fungical superficial cultures either with a fixed S 0 value and variable α or with fixed α and variable S 0. A. niger cultures followed the logistic equation with maximal surface density ρAM (gcm-2). Final average thickness, h, was measured by image analysis. The values of h, followed a saturation function of σ0 (R2 = 0.965) with extrapolated value hMAX ~0:4 cm. But the volumetric density ρV =ρAMh-1 was nearly constant ρV ~ 0.046 ±0.005 (gcm-3). The regression Y-1x/S = Y-1 0 +σ0ε-1 (R2 = 0.95) in the range, 5.9 mgcm-2 <σ0 < 62:8 mgcm-2 indicated, Y0 = 0.5, as the maximal biomass yield, and ε=ρv hMAX ~ 0.02 gcm-2, as a measurement of the biosynthetic efficiency. This approach could be useful for the normalization and comparison of screening tests of fungal surface cultures with a variety of solid supports and culture conditions. For example, cultures with different S 0 values but, similar yield coeffient Yx/s.
References
Auria R., Hernández S., Raimbault M., and Revah S. (1990). Ion exchange resin: a model support for solid growth fermentation of Aspergillus niger. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 6, 391-396.
Camacho-Díaz B.H.C., Aparicio A.J., Chanona-Pérez J.J., Calderón-Domínguez G. , Alamilla-Beltrán L., Hernández-Sánchez H. and Gutiérrez-López G.F. (2010). Morphological characterization of the growing front of Rhizopus oligosporus in solid media. Journal of Food Engineering 101, 309-317.
Diano A, Bekker-Jensen S, Dynesen J, and Nielsen J. (2006). Polyol synthesis in Aspergillus niger: influence of oxygen availability, carbon and nitrogen sources on the metabolism. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 94, 899-908.
Favela-Torres E., Córdova-López J., García-Rivero M. and Gutiérrez-Rojas M. (1998). Kinetics of growth of Aspergillus niger during submerged, agar surface and solid state fermentations. Process Biochemistry 33, 103-107.
Gutiérrez-Rojas M., Córdova J., Auria R., Revah S. and Favela-Torres E. (1995). Citric acid and polyols production by Aspergillus niger at high glucose concentration in solid-state fermentation of inert support. Biotechnology Letters 17, 219-224.
Heijnen J.J., and Roels J.A. (1981). A macroscopic model describing yield and maintenance relationships in aerobic fermentation processes. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23, 739-763.
Hill A.V. (1928). The diusion of oxygen and lactic acid through tissues. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 104,39-96.
Kafert E. (1977). Antranilate synthetase enzyme complex and tri-functional TRPC, gene of Aspergillus. Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology 19, 723-738.
Miller G.L. (1959). Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar. Analytical Chemistry 31, 426-428.
Nopharatana M., Mitchell D.A. and Howes T. (2003). Use of confocal scanning laser microscopy to measure the concentrations of aerial and penetrative hyphae during growth of Rhizopus oligosporus on a solid surface. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 84, 71-77.
Olsson S. and Jennings D.H. (1991). A glass fiber filter technique for studying nutrient uptake by fungi: the technique used on colonies grown on nutrient gradients of carbon and phosphorus. Experimental Mycology 15, 292-301.
Oostra J., le Comte E.P., van den Heuvel J.C., Tramper J. and Rinzema A. (2001). Intra-particle oxygen diusion limitation in solid-state fermentation. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 75, 13-24.
Pirt S.J. (1966). A theory of the mode of growth of fungi in the form of pellets in submerged culture. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 166, 369-373.
Pirt S.J. (1967). A kinetic study of the mode of growth of surface colonies of bacteria and fungi. Journal of General Microbiology 47, 181-197.
Rahardjo Y.S.P., Weber F.J., le Comte E.P., Tramper J. and Rinzema A. (2002) Contribution of aerial hyphae of Aspergillus oryzae to respiration in a model solid-state fermentation system. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 78, 539-544.
Rahardjo Y.S.P., Jolink F., Haemers S., Tramper J. and Rinzema A. (2005) Significance of bed porosity, bran and specific surface area in solid-state cultivation of Aspergillus oryzae. Biomolecular Engineering 22, 133-139.
Ruijter G.J.G., Visser J. and Rinzema A. (2004). Polyol accumulation by Aspergillus oryzae at low water activity in solid-state fermentation. Microbiology 150, 1095-1101.
Téllez-Jurado A., Arana-Cuenca A., González- Becerra E., Viniegra- González G. and Loera O. (2005). Expression of a heterologous laccase by Aspergillus niger cultured by solid-state and submerged fermentations. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 38, 665-669.
By publishing your paper in our journal you are also granting it the copyright of the information that it contains.